{"id":1667,"date":"2025-08-17T23:40:44","date_gmt":"2025-08-17T16:40:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/luatsuthudo.com.vn\/?p=1667"},"modified":"2025-08-17T23:43:23","modified_gmt":"2025-08-17T16:43:23","slug":"gop-von-chia-co-phan-va-quyen-loi-luat-doanh-nghiep-noi-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/luatsuthudo.com.vn\/en\/gop-von-chia-co-phan-va-quyen-loi-luat-doanh-nghiep-noi-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Capital contribution, share division and benefits: What does the Enterprise Law say?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-1672\" src=\"https:\/\/luatsuthudo.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Numbers-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1020\" height=\"574\" srcset=\"https:\/\/luatsuthudo.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Numbers-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/luatsuthudo.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Numbers-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/luatsuthudo.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Numbers-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/luatsuthudo.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Numbers-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/luatsuthudo.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Numbers-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/luatsuthudo.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Numbers.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\" \/>Starting a business is a journey full of enthusiasm and challenges. One of the fundamental issues that many entrepreneurs have a headache with is contributing capital to the company, how to \u201cdivide startup shares\u201d fairly, determine the \u201ccompany ownership ratio\u201d, and protect the \u201crights of capital contributors\u201d. This article will help you understand the nature, process and new points of the \u201cshare division law\u201d, especially from the perspective of the latest Enterprise Law 2025.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_74 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Index<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/luatsuthudo.com.vn\/en\/gop-von-chia-co-phan-va-quyen-loi-luat-doanh-nghiep-noi-gi\/#Gop_von_cong_ty_Ai_duoc_phep_va_cac_nguyen_tac_co_ban\" >Corporate Capital Contributions: Who is Allowed and the Basic Principles<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/luatsuthudo.com.vn\/en\/gop-von-chia-co-phan-va-quyen-loi-luat-doanh-nghiep-noi-gi\/#Chia_co_phan_trong_startup_Cac_nguyen_tac_va_thuc_tien_thuc_hien\" >Equity in startups: Principles and practices<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/luatsuthudo.com.vn\/en\/gop-von-chia-co-phan-va-quyen-loi-luat-doanh-nghiep-noi-gi\/#Ty_le_so_huu_cong_ty_Y_nghia_phap_ly_va_kinh_te\" >Corporate Ownership Ratio: Legal and Economic Implications<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/luatsuthudo.com.vn\/en\/gop-von-chia-co-phan-va-quyen-loi-luat-doanh-nghiep-noi-gi\/#Quyen_loi_cua_co_dong_sang_lap_va_nguoi_gop_von_theo_Luat_Doanh_nghiep_2025\" >Rights of founding shareholders and capital contributors under the Enterprise Law 2025<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/luatsuthudo.com.vn\/en\/gop-von-chia-co-phan-va-quyen-loi-luat-doanh-nghiep-noi-gi\/#Diem_moi_ve_hoan_von_quyen_uu_dai_va_chia_co_phan_theo_Luat_Doanh_nghiep_2025\" >New points on capital return, preferential rights and share division under the Enterprise Law 2025<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/luatsuthudo.com.vn\/en\/gop-von-chia-co-phan-va-quyen-loi-luat-doanh-nghiep-noi-gi\/#Luu_y_quan_trong_khi_gop_von_va_chia_co_phan\" >Important notes when contributing capital and dividing shares<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gop_von_cong_ty_Ai_duoc_phep_va_cac_nguyen_tac_co_ban\"><\/span><b>Corporate Capital Contributions: Who is Allowed and the Basic Principles<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>a. Subjects entitled to contribute capital to enterprises<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to the Enterprise Law 2025, all organizations and individuals not prohibited by the Law on Cadres and Civil Servants, the Law on Public Employees, the Law on Anti-Corruption, etc. have the right to contribute capital and buy shares in joint stock companies, limited liability companies, and partnerships. However, the group of restricted subjects will be clearly defined by law to prevent conflicts of interest and make capital sources transparent.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>b. Form and value of capital contribution<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Capital contribution can be in cash, assets, intellectual property rights...<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The value of contributed assets is agreed upon by members or appraised by an appraisal unit.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Capital contribution must be recorded in writing, fully showing identity and ownership ratio.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chia_co_phan_trong_startup_Cac_nguyen_tac_va_thuc_tien_thuc_hien\"><\/span><b>Equity in startups: Principles and practices<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>a. How should shares be divided for startups?<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Based on actual contribution: The more a member contributes, the higher the percentage of shares owned. However, the idea factor should not take up too much of the stake. The implementation and operation of the business is the sustainable value.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vesting shares: To avoid conflicts, startups often apply the vesting mechanism (gradual granting of shares over time or long-term commitment conditions). Co-founders only receive full shares after meeting the commitment criteria.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Consensus: Share division should be agreed upon by all members to avoid future disputes. The division formula can be based on capital contribution, experience, effort, time commitment, etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>b. Startup share division process<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Initial company valuation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Agree on the list of official members and ownership percentages.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Record in writing, develop charter\/shareholder regulations on vesting period, preferential rights, transfer conditions.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ty_le_so_huu_cong_ty_Y_nghia_phap_ly_va_kinh_te\"><\/span><b>Corporate Ownership Ratio: Legal and Economic Implications<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ownership ratio determines power: Owners of a high percentage of shares have great decision-making power, influencing the election of members of the Board of Directors, General Meeting of Shareholders and strategic decisions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Profit sharing: Profit is shared according to the capital contribution ratio, except in cases where the parties agree to share more according to effort or other preferential rights.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Liability: Shareholders are responsible for the company&#039;s assets to the extent of their contributed capital, limiting the risk of personalizing risks.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quyen_loi_cua_co_dong_sang_lap_va_nguoi_gop_von_theo_Luat_Doanh_nghiep_2025\"><\/span><b>Rights of founding shareholders and capital contributors under the Enterprise Law 2025<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>a. Founding shareholders&#039; rights<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ownership of common shares: Must jointly own at least 20% of total shares when establishing a new enterprise.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Transfer of restricted shares: Within 3 years from the date of issuance of the business registration certificate, the common shares of founding shareholders can only be transferred to other founding shareholders or, if transferred to outsiders, must be approved by the General Meeting of Shareholders.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Voting preference: Founding shareholders may enjoy voting preference shares for the first 3 years, which are automatically converted into common shares thereafter.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>b. Rights of capital contributors\/common shareholders<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Profits are shared according to capital contribution ratio.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Free transfer of shares: Ordinary shareholders (not founding shareholders in the first 3 years) have the right to freely transfer shares except in the case of a limited company (as provided in the company&#039;s charter or by specific law).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Participate in strategic decisions: Based on ownership ratio, shareholders have the right to vote at General Meetings of Shareholders on important issues such as changing charters, profit sharing, issuing new shares, etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Diem_moi_ve_hoan_von_quyen_uu_dai_va_chia_co_phan_theo_Luat_Doanh_nghiep_2025\"><\/span><b>New points on capital return, preferential rights and share division under the Enterprise Law 2025<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to new regulations effective from July 1, 2025:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The company shall return a portion of the capital contribution to shareholders, in proportion to their ownership, if it has been in operation for 2 years or more, excluding any suspension period, and shall ensure full payment of all debts and other financial obligations after returning the capital to shareholders.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Shareholders owning redeemable preference shares have the right to request the company to refund their capital contribution according to the conditions stated in the shares and the company&#039;s charter.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When distributing shares, voting preferences, dividend preferences, and refund preferences are clearly specified, meeting the diverse needs of investors&#039; interests.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Luu_y_quan_trong_khi_gop_von_va_chia_co_phan\"><\/span><b>Important notes when contributing capital and dividing shares<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Objectivity and transparency: Valuation of companies and contributed assets must be objective to avoid causing damage to any member.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Clear agreement: Capital contribution contract and company charter must clearly state the share ratio, vesting conditions, and preferential rights to prevent future disputes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Compliance with the law: Accurately apply the latest regulations, especially cases of capital redistribution and share transfer rights according to the Enterprise Law 2025, to avoid unnecessary legal risks.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>=&gt; Advice for businesses<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Clearly define the value of the business and the actual contribution of each member before dividing shares.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Learn carefully the &quot;shareholding law&quot; to protect the maximum rights of startup contributors\/shareholders.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Build flexible and clear corporate charters, prioritize vesting solutions, and preferential rights for founders and strategic capital contributors.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Work with specialized lawyers to ensure that all capital contributions and share division actions are accurate, optimizing benefits and minimizing legal risks for the company and each member.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Capital contribution and startup shares are not just numbers, but also strategic &quot;rules of the game&quot; to maintain the foundation, unanimously build and develop the business sustainably. GT Law hopes that this article will help you grasp the principles and new points of the Enterprise Law 2025 and be more confident on your startup journey.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7y nhi\u1ec7t huy\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1eed th\u00e1ch. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u doanh nh\u00e2n \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n c\u00f4ng ty, c\u00e1ch \u201cchia c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n startup\u201d sao cho c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u201ct\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u00f4ng ty\u201d, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u201cquy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n\u201d. B\u00e0i&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1672,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[58,57,60,59],"class_list":["post-1667","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc","tag-chia-co-phan-startup","tag-gop-von-cong-ty","tag-luat-chia-co-phan","tag-ty-le-so-huu-cong-ty"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>G\u00f3p v\u1ed1n, chia c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i: Lu\u1eadt doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f3i g\u00ec? - GT LAW<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u doanh nh\u00e2n \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n c\u00f4ng ty, c\u00e1ch \u201cchia c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n startup\u201d sao cho c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/luatsuthudo.com.vn\/en\/gop-von-chia-co-phan-va-quyen-loi-luat-doanh-nghiep-noi-gi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"G\u00f3p v\u1ed1n, chia c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i: Lu\u1eadt doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f3i g\u00ec? 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